Global Energy Review

The 2025 Global Energy Review presents a pivotal snapshot of a world balancing record energy demand, clean technology adoption, and mounting pressure to cut emissions across all sectors.

About this report

This edition of the Global Energy Review presents the first comprehensive overview of trends in 2024 across the entire energy sector. It covers data for all fuels and technologies, as well as all regions and major countries, and energy-related carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions.

The latest data indicates that the world’s energy demand increased more rapidly in 2024, resulting in higher demand for all energy sources, including oil, natural gas, coal, renewables, and nuclear power. This growth was led by the power sector, with demand for electricity rising almost twice as fast as broader energy demand, driven by higher demand for cooling, increasing industrial consumption, the electrification of transportation, and the expansion of data centers and artificial intelligence.

Nearly all of the rise in electricity demand was met by low-emissions sources, led by the record-breaking expansion of solar PV capacity, with further growth in other renewables and nuclear power. Gas demand also increased substantially, while oil and coal consumption increased more slowly than in 2023.

CO₂ emissions from the energy sector continued to increase in 2024, albeit at a slower rate than in 2023. A key driver was record-high temperatures: If global weather patterns in 2023 had repeated in 2024, around half of the increase in global emissions would have been avoided. At the same time, the continued rapid adoption of clean energy technologies is limiting emissions growth, according to a new analysis, which avoids 2.6 billion tonnes of additional CO2 emissions per year.